541 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
541 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# 第2步：JS按需加载优化实施方案
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## 📋 当前JS加载分析
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### JS文件清单（从footer.html）
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#### 核心JS（必须始终加载）
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```javascript
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1. iconfont.js - 图标字体（UIkit图标依赖）
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2. uikit.min.js - UI框架（基础依赖）
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3. view-image.min.js - 图片灯箱（文章详情页）
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4. utils.js - 工具函数（主题切换、代码折叠等）
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5. loader.js - 加载器
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6. cache.js - 缓存管理
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7. search.js - 搜索功能
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8. floating-tools.js - 浮动工具栏
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9. nprogress.js - 页面进度条
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10. pjax.js - PJAX导航库
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11. mypjax.js - PJAX配置
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12. pangu.js - 中英文空格处理
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13. linkify.js - 链接处理
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14. main.js - 主题主逻辑（初始化所有功能）
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```
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#### 非核心JS（可按需加载）
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```javascript
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15. artalk.js - Artalk评论系统
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- 加载时机：文章详情页（有#comments容器）
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- 大小：~150KB
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16. infinite-scroll.js - 无限滚动
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- 加载时机：首页（且启用该功能）
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- 大小：~20KB
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17. paragraph-comments.js - 段落评论
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- 加载时机：文章详情页
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- 大小：~15KB
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18. toast.js - Toast消息提示
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- 加载时机：特定交互触发时
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- 大小：~10KB
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19. tiaozhuan.js - 跳转功能
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- 加载时机：特定页面（如links、circles）
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- 大小：~8KB
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20. reward.js - 打赏功能
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- 加载时机：文章详情页（有打赏按钮）
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- 大小：~12KB
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21. lazyload.js - 图片懒加载
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- 加载时机：页面加载后（延迟加载）
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- 大小：~15KB
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```
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---
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## 🎯 优化策略
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### 策略1：代码拆分（推荐）
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将JS拆分为两个bundle：
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- `core.js` - 核心功能（约200KB）
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- `optional.js` - 可选功能（约230KB）
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**优点：**
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- 实现简单
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- 首页加载减少230KB（约40%）
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### 策略2：按需动态导入
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使用ES6的 `import()` 语法，在需要时动态加载模块
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**优点：**
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- 更精细的控制
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- 最小化加载量
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**缺点：**
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- 需要修改较多代码
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- 需要确保模块兼容性
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---
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## 📝 实施方案：策略1（代码拆分）
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### 步骤2.1：创建核心JS bundle
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**修改文件：** `themes/Ying/layouts/partials/footer.html`
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**当前代码（第50-73行）：**
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```gohtml
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{{ $iconfont := resources.Get "js/libs/iconfont.js" }}
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{{ $uikit := resources.Get "js/libs/uikit.min.js" }}
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{{ $easylazyload := resources.Get "js/modules/lazyload.js" }}
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{{ $viewimage := resources.Get "js/libs/view-image.min.js" }}
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{{ $main := resources.Get "js/main.js" }}
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{{ $mypjax := resources.Get "js/modules/mypjax.js" }}
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{{ $nprogress := resources.Get "js/libs/nprogress.js" }}
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{{ $tiaozhuan := resources.Get "js/modules/tiaozhuan.js" }}
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{{ $toast := resources.Get "js/modules/toast.js" }}
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{{ $reward := resources.Get "js/modules/reward.js" }}
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{{/* Modules */}}
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{{ $utils := resources.Get "js/modules/utils.js" }}
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{{ $loader := resources.Get "js/modules/loader.js" }}
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{{ $cache := resources.Get "js/modules/cache.js" }}
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{{ $search := resources.Get "js/modules/search.js" }}
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{{ $floatingTools := resources.Get "js/modules/floating-tools.js" }}
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{{ $paragraphComments := resources.Get "js/modules/paragraph-comments.js" }}
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{{ $infiniteScroll := resources.Get "js/modules/infinite-scroll.js" }}
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{{ $artalkModule := resources.Get "js/modules/artalk.js" }}
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{{ $pjaxLib := resources.Get "js/libs/pjax.js" }}
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{{ $linkify := resources.Get "js/modules/linkify.js" }}
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{{ $pangu := resources.Get "js/modules/pangu.js" }}
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{{ $scripts := slice $iconfont $uikit $easylazyload $viewimage $utils $loader $cache $search $floatingTools $paragraphComments $infiniteScroll $artalkModule $nprogress $pjaxLib $pangu $linkify $main $mypjax $toast $tiaozhuan $reward | resources.Concat "js/bundle.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script defer src="{{ $scripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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```
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**修改后代码：**
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```gohtml
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{{/* ====== JS加载优化：核心JS + 非核心JS分离 ====== */}}
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{{/* 1. 核心JS - 始终加载 */}}
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{{ $iconfont := resources.Get "js/libs/iconfont.js" }}
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{{ $uikit := resources.Get "js/libs/uikit.min.js" }}
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{{ $viewimage := resources.Get "js/libs/view-image.min.js" }}
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{{ $utils := resources.Get "js/modules/utils.js" }}
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{{ $loader := resources.Get "js/modules/loader.js" }}
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{{ $cache := resources.Get "js/modules/cache.js" }}
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{{ $search := resources.Get "js/modules/search.js" }}
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{{ $floatingTools := resources.Get "js/modules/floating-tools.js" }}
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{{ $nprogress := resources.Get "js/libs/nprogress.js" }}
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{{ $pjaxLib := resources.Get "js/libs/pjax.js" }}
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{{ $mypjax := resources.Get "js/modules/mypjax.js" }}
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{{ $pangu := resources.Get "js/modules/pangu.js" }}
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{{ $linkify := resources.Get "js/modules/linkify.js" }}
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{{ $main := resources.Get "js/main.js" }}
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{{ $coreScripts := slice $iconfont $uikit $viewimage $utils $loader $cache $search $floatingTools $nprogress $pjaxLib $mypjax $pangu $linkify $main | resources.Concat "js/core.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script defer src="{{ $coreScripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{/* 2. 非核心JS - 使用requestIdleCallback延迟加载 */}}
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{{ $artalkModule := resources.Get "js/modules/artalk.js" }}
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{{ $infiniteScroll := resources.Get "js/modules/infinite-scroll.js" }}
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{{ $paragraphComments := resources.Get "js/modules/paragraph-comments.js" }}
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{{ $toast := resources.Get "js/modules/toast.js" }}
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{{ $tiaozhuan := resources.Get "js/modules/tiaozhuan.js" }}
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{{ $reward := resources.Get "js/modules/reward.js" }}
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{{ $easylazyload := resources.Get "js/modules/lazyload.js" }}
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{{ $optionalScripts := slice $artalkModule $infiniteScroll $paragraphComments $toast $tiaozhuan $reward $easylazyload | resources.Concat "js/optional.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script>
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// 使用requestIdleCallback在浏览器空闲时加载非核心JS
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// 如果浏览器不支持requestIdleCallback，使用setTimeout降级
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if ('requestIdleCallback' in window) {
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requestIdleCallback(function() {
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var script = document.createElement('script');
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script.src = '{{ $optionalScripts.RelPermalink }}';
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script.defer = true;
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document.body.appendChild(script);
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});
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} else {
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setTimeout(function() {
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var script = document.createElement('script');
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script.src = '{{ $optionalScripts.RelPermalink }}';
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script.defer = true;
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document.body.appendChild(script);
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}, 1000); // 延迟1秒加载
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}
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</script>
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```
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---
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### 步骤2.2：条件加载特定页面的JS（高级优化）
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如果需要更精细的控制，可以根据页面类型加载特定JS：
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```gohtml
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{{/* 根据页面类型条件加载JS */}}
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{{/* 文章详情页专用JS */}}
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{{ if .IsPage }}
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{{ $artalkModule := resources.Get "js/modules/artalk.js" }}
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{{ $paragraphComments := resources.Get "js/modules/paragraph-comments.js" }}
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{{ $reward := resources.Get "js/modules/reward.js" }}
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{{ $pageScripts := slice $artalkModule $paragraphComments $reward | resources.Concat "js/page-only.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script defer src="{{ $pageScripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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{{/* 首页专用JS */}}
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{{ if .IsHome }}
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{{ $infiniteScroll := resources.Get "js/modules/infinite-scroll.js" }}
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<script>
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window.enableInfiniteScroll = {{ .Site.Params.infiniteScroll.enable | default false }};
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</script>
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{{ if .Site.Params.infiniteScroll.enable }}
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<script defer src="{{ $infiniteScroll.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{/* 特定页面专用JS */}}
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{{ if or (eq .Type "links") (eq .Type "circles") }}
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{{ $tiaozhuan := resources.Get "js/modules/tiaozhuan.js" }}
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<script defer src="{{ $tiaozhuan.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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```
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---
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## 🔧 完整实施方案
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### 修改footer.html的完整代码
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**文件路径：** `themes/Ying/layouts/partials/footer.html`
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**删除原有JS加载代码（第50-133行）**，替换为：
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```gohtml
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{{/* ====== 优化后的JS加载策略 ====== */}}
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{{/* ====== 1. 核心JS Bundle - 始终加载 ====== */}}
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{{ $iconfont := resources.Get "js/libs/iconfont.js" }}
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{{ $uikit := resources.Get "js/libs/uikit.min.js" }}
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{{ $viewimage := resources.Get "js/libs/view-image.min.js" }}
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{{ $utils := resources.Get "js/modules/utils.js" }}
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{{ $loader := resources.Get "js/modules/loader.js" }}
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{{ $cache := resources.Get "js/modules/cache.js" }}
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{{ $search := resources.Get "js/modules/search.js" }}
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{{ $floatingTools := resources.Get "js/modules/floating-tools.js" }}
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{{ $nprogress := resources.Get "js/libs/nprogress.js" }}
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{{ $pjaxLib := resources.Get "js/libs/pjax.js" }}
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{{ $mypjax := resources.Get "js/modules/mypjax.js" }}
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{{ $pangu := resources.Get "js/modules/pangu.js" }}
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{{ $linkify := resources.Get "js/modules/linkify.js" }}
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{{ $main := resources.Get "js/main.js" }}
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{{ $coreScripts := slice $iconfont $uikit $viewimage $utils $loader $cache $search $floatingTools $nprogress $pjaxLib $mypjax $pangu $linkify $main | resources.Concat "js/core.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script defer src="{{ $coreScripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{/* ====== 2. 配置变量 - 必须在核心JS之前 ====== */}}
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<script>
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window.enableInfiniteScroll = {{ .Site.Params.infiniteScroll.enable | default false }};
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</script>
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{{/* ====== 3. 远程数据获取 - 构建时 ====== */}}
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{{/* Fetch friend data at build time — no runtime network requests */}}
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{{ $linkHosts := slice }}
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{{ $linkNames := slice }}
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{{ with resources.GetRemote "https://api.usj.cc/api/links?all=1" }}
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{{ with .Err }}
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{{ warnf "Links API fetch failed: %s" . }}
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{{ else }}
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{{ with .Content | transform.Unmarshal }}
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{{ range .links }}
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{{ $host := "" }}
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{{ with .url | urls.Parse }}
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{{ $host = .Host | strings.TrimPrefix "www." }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ $title := .name | default "" }}
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{{ if $host }}
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{{ $linkHosts = $linkHosts | append (dict "host" $host "title" $title) }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ if $title }}
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{{ $linkNames = $linkNames | append (dict "lower" (lower $title) "title" $title) }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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<script>
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window.friendLinks = {{ dict "hosts" $linkHosts "names" $linkNames | jsonify | safeJS }};
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</script>
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{{ $feedHosts := slice }}
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{{ $feedNames := slice }}
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{{ with resources.GetRemote "https://api.usj.cc/api/feeds" }}
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{{ with .Err }}
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{{ warnf "Feeds API fetch failed: %s" . }}
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{{ else }}
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{{ with .Content | transform.Unmarshal }}
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{{ range .feeds }}
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{{ $host := "" }}
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{{ with .url | urls.Parse }}
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{{ $host = .Host | strings.TrimPrefix "www." }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ $title := .feedTitle | default "" }}
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{{ if $host }}
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{{ $feedHosts = $feedHosts | append (dict "host" $host "title" $title) }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ if $title }}
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{{ $feedNames = $feedNames | append (dict "lower" (lower $title) "title" $title) }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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<script>
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window.friendFeeds = {{ dict "hosts" $feedHosts "names" $feedNames | jsonify | safeJS }};
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</script>
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{{/* ====== 4. 条件加载 - 页面特定JS ====== */}}
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{{/* 文章详情页专用JS */}}
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{{ if .IsPage }}
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{{ $artalkModule := resources.Get "js/modules/artalk.js" }}
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{{ $paragraphComments := resources.Get "js/modules/paragraph-comments.js" }}
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{{ $reward := resources.Get "js/modules/reward.js" }}
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{{ $pageScripts := slice $artalkModule $paragraphComments $reward | resources.Concat "js/page-only.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script defer src="{{ $pageScripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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{{/* 首页专用JS */}}
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{{ if .IsHome }}
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{{ if .Site.Params.infiniteScroll.enable }}
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{{ $infiniteScroll := resources.Get "js/modules/infinite-scroll.js" }}
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<script defer src="{{ $infiniteScroll.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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{{/* 特定页面专用JS */}}
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{{ if or (eq .Type "links") (eq .Type "circles") }}
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{{ $tiaozhuan := resources.Get "js/modules/tiaozhuan.js" }}
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<script defer src="{{ $tiaozhuan.RelPermalink }}"></script>
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{{ end }}
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{{/* ====== 5. 其他非核心JS - 延迟加载 ====== */}}
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{{ $toast := resources.Get "js/modules/toast.js" }}
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{{ $easylazyload := resources.Get "js/modules/lazyload.js" }}
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{{ $deferredScripts := slice $toast $easylazyload | resources.Concat "js/deferred.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
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<script>
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// 使用requestIdleCallback在浏览器空闲时加载
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if ('requestIdleCallback' in window) {
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requestIdleCallback(function() {
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var script = document.createElement('script');
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script.src = '{{ $deferredScripts.RelPermalink }}';
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script.defer = true;
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document.body.appendChild(script);
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});
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} else {
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setTimeout(function() {
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var script = document.createElement('script');
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script.src = '{{ $deferredScripts.RelPermalink }}';
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script.defer = true;
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document.body.appendChild(script);
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}, 1000);
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}
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</script>
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{{/* ====== 6. 其他脚本（bsz等） ====== */}}
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<script async src="/js/bsz.js"></script>
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```
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---
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## 📊 预期收益
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### 性能指标提升（预估）
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| 页面类型 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 提升 |
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|---------|--------|--------|------|
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| **首页** | ~800KB | ~350KB | ⚡ -56% |
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| **文章详情页** | ~800KB | ~450KB | ⚡ -44% |
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| **其他页面** | ~800KB | ~350KB | ⚡ -56% |
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### 加载时间提升
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| 指标 | 优化前 | 优化后 | 提升 |
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|------|--------|--------|------|
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| **FCP** | ~1.2s | ~0.9s | ⚡ -25% |
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| **TTI** | ~2.5s | ~1.8s | ⚡ -28% |
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| **TBT** | ~150ms | ~80ms | ⚡ -47% |
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---
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## 🧪 测试验证清单
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### 功能测试
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#### 首页
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- [ ] 导航菜单正常工作
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- [ ] 搜索功能正常
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- [ ] 主题切换正常
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- [ ] 文章列表显示正常
|
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- [ ] 分页功能正常
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- [ ] 无限滚动功能正常（如果启用）
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#### 文章详情页
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- [ ] 文章内容正常显示
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- [ ] 图片灯箱功能正常
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- [ ] 评论区正常加载（Artalk）
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- [ ] 打赏按钮功能正常
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- [ ] 段落评论功能正常（如果启用）
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#### 其他页面
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- [ ] 友链页面跳转功能正常
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- [ ] 搜索结果页正常
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- [ ] 归档页面正常
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### 性能测试
|
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使用Chrome DevTools：
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1. **Network面板**
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- [ ] 核心JS（core.js）首先加载
|
||
- [ ] 页面特定JS按条件加载
|
||
- [ ] 非核心JS在空闲时加载
|
||
|
||
2. **Performance面板**
|
||
- [ ] TBT指标改善
|
||
- [ ] 长任务减少
|
||
- [ ] 交互响应更快
|
||
|
||
3. **Lighthouse**
|
||
- [ ] Performance得分提升
|
||
- [ ] TTI指标改善
|
||
- [ ] TBT指标改善
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## ⚠️ 注意事项
|
||
|
||
### 1. 模块依赖关系
|
||
|
||
某些JS模块可能有依赖关系：
|
||
- `artalk.js` 可能依赖 `Artalk.js`（第三方库）
|
||
- `mypjax.js` 依赖 `pjax.js`
|
||
- `main.js` 可能调用其他模块的初始化函数
|
||
|
||
**解决方案：**
|
||
- 确保核心JS包含所有依赖
|
||
- 或者使用 `window` 全局变量暴露必要函数
|
||
|
||
### 2. 初始化时机
|
||
|
||
如果模块的初始化代码在模块内部，延迟加载可能导致初始化失败。
|
||
|
||
**解决方案：**
|
||
- 在 `main.js` 中使用事件监听或轮询
|
||
- 或者将初始化代码移到主JS中
|
||
|
||
示例：
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// main.js 中的初始化代码
|
||
function initArtalk() {
|
||
if (window.Artalk) {
|
||
// 初始化Artalk
|
||
} else {
|
||
// Artalk还未加载，等待
|
||
setTimeout(initArtalk, 100);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 3. 浏览器兼容性
|
||
|
||
`requestIdleCallback` 兼容性：
|
||
- Chrome 47+ ✅
|
||
- Firefox 55+ ✅
|
||
- Safari 12.1+ ✅
|
||
- Edge 79+ ✅
|
||
- IE ❌（使用setTimeout降级）
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🔄 回滚方案
|
||
|
||
如果出现问题，快速回滚到原始方案：
|
||
|
||
```gohtml
|
||
{{/* 恢复原始JS加载方式 */}}
|
||
{{ $iconfont := resources.Get "js/libs/iconfont.js" }}
|
||
{{ $uikit := resources.Get "js/libs/uikit.min.js" }}
|
||
{{ $easylazyload := resources.Get "js/modules/lazyload.js" }}
|
||
{{ $viewimage := resources.Get "js/libs/view-image.min.js" }}
|
||
{{ $main := resources.Get "js/main.js" }}
|
||
{{ $mypjax := resources.Get "js/modules/mypjax.js" }}
|
||
{{ $nprogress := resources.Get "js/libs/nprogress.js" }}
|
||
{{ $tiaozhuan := resources.Get "js/modules/tiaozhuan.js" }}
|
||
{{ $toast := resources.Get "js/modules/toast.js" }}
|
||
{{ $reward := resources.Get "js/modules/reward.js" }}
|
||
{{/* Modules */}}
|
||
{{ $utils := resources.Get "js/modules/utils.js" }}
|
||
{{ $loader := resources.Get "js/modules/loader.js" }}
|
||
{{ $cache := resources.Get "js/modules/cache.js" }}
|
||
{{ $search := resources.Get "js/modules/search.js" }}
|
||
{{ $floatingTools := resources.Get "js/modules/floating-tools.js" }}
|
||
{{ $paragraphComments := resources.Get "js/modules/paragraph-comments.js" }}
|
||
{{ $infiniteScroll := resources.Get "js/modules/infinite-scroll.js" }}
|
||
{{ $artalkModule := resources.Get "js/modules/artalk.js" }}
|
||
{{ $pjaxLib := resources.Get "js/libs/pjax.js" }}
|
||
{{ $linkify := resources.Get "js/modules/linkify.js" }}
|
||
{{ $pangu := resources.Get "js/modules/pangu.js" }}
|
||
|
||
{{ $scripts := slice $iconfont $uikit $easylazyload $viewimage $utils $loader $cache $search $floatingTools $paragraphComments $infiniteScroll $artalkModule $nprogress $pjaxLib $pangu $linkify $main $mypjax $toast $tiaozhuan $reward | resources.Concat "js/bundle.js" | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
|
||
|
||
<script defer src="{{ $scripts.RelPermalink }}"></script>
|
||
<script async src="/js/bsz.js"></script>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## ✅ 实施清单
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 备份原始 `footer.html`
|
||
- [ ] 修改JS加载逻辑
|
||
- [ ] 测试首页功能
|
||
- [ ] 测试文章详情页功能
|
||
- [ ] 测试其他页面功能
|
||
- [ ] 使用Lighthouse验证性能提升
|
||
- [ ] 提交代码
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📚 扩展阅读
|
||
|
||
1. **JavaScript代码拆分**
|
||
- https://web.dev/reduce-javascript-payloads-with-code-splitting/
|
||
|
||
2. **Dynamic Imports**
|
||
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import
|
||
|
||
3. **requestIdleCallback**
|
||
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestIdleCallback
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
**预计耗时：** 2-3小时
|
||
**风险等级：** 中（需要测试功能完整性）
|